Computer Programmer Job Description, Skills, and Salary
Get to know about the duties, responsibilities, qualifications, and skills requirements of a computer programmer. Feel free to use our computer programmer job description template to produce your own. We also provide you with information about the salary you can earn as a computer programmer.
Who is a Computer Programmer?
Computer programmers design software programs by creating logical flow charts. The functionality of these workflow charts is then translated into one of many languages that computers understand. The majority of software programs are also designed by a graphic user interface (GUI), which allows non-technical users to use the software’s menu-oriented modules through a point-and-click operation. The GUI acts as a translator, allowing the user to communicate with the underlying code without having to know its command-line structure.
A computer programmer must address five main stages to design software. A computer programmer must address five main stages to design software. These are: defining the need, analyzing the requirements, creating a flowchart, software testing, and coding of the software.
Good interpersonal skills are essential for the computer programmer in the first stage of development. He will often meet with managers, department heads, and employees to relay the tasks that will be implemented into the program. The programmer must ask the right questions. Software that doesn’t meet expectations will fail because the programmer isn’t able to understand the requirements or misunderstands them.
The computer programmer also uses analytic thinking to create a flow chart during the second stage. The “if, then” scenario must consider not only the steps required to transfer data from one point to another but also possible problems that may arise with the particular work environment or model. So that unexpected circumstances can be accounted for, contingencies should be included in the design. This could include creating alternative data flows or popup errors messages to instruct the user.
Once the design is completed, the computer programmer converts functionality from the flow chart to computer code. There are many programming languages available, including C++ and Perl, Java, Visual Basic, FORTRAN, and Apple Script. Most programmers specialize in one or more of these languages. Although this stage of software development is often done by one person, multiple programmers may be involved in large programs.
After the software has been developed, it is subject to debugging. Bugs are defects in the software that can cause it to crash, hang, return an incorrect result, malfunction, or behave in a non-standard way. Debugging can be a tedious stage in development and can take hundreds of hours. Computer programmers will often try to make the program fail by using it in ways not typical of the real world.
After all these processes, the program is now available for use, but it will need to be modified before a stable release can go out. The variety of software and hardware environments that the software will be operating in cannot be ignored when searching for bugs at the previous stage. Many conflicts can occur “in the wild”, which is why beta testing helps to uncover them.
Once a stable release is out, it’s time to focus on improvements. The software can always be improved upon once it has been applied. A computer programmer may also be required to extend the software’s functionality to include functions that were not originally intended. The program’s health will be maintained by the programmer.
Computer programmers are in high demand. However, U.S. programmers also face competition from programmers working abroad. A bachelor’s degree is required in mathematics, computer science, or information systems. Some employees prefer a four-year degree in management information systems (MIS), or business degrees.
Computer programming programs can be offered to both students in computer science and professionals who are interested in programming. There are many types of programs, including academic, professional, and ad-hoc. Each program has its requirements, as each one serves a different purpose. While some programs are quick and easy to learn, others require more time. The right program will help a professional or student build his computer programming skills.
Computer science departments at universities may offer programming courses. These courses will cover programming languages and mathematics, as well as the various domains of computer programming, such as operating systems and web development. These programs can be completed in a variety of ways depending on the student’s goals, such as a certificate or bachelor’s in computer science. Online computer programming classes are available at many universities, technical schools, and community colleges. These classes can cost thousands depending on the number of credit hours taken. These classes can be expensive, but most employers will recognize computer programming programs from accredited colleges and universities. This makes professionals and students more competitive in the market.
Programming has seen many improvements, including innovative computing technologies and advanced programming languages and tools. This has redefined the role of a programmer.
The job titles and descriptions can vary depending on the organization. Computer programmers can be divided into two types: application programmers and systems programmers.
Application programmers are responsible for coding to accomplish a task. For example, they code a program to track inventory within a company. Systems programmers, on the other hand, code programs to manage and control system software. This includes database management systems and operating systems (OSs).
Software programmers may work with experts in different fields to create software. This could be programmed for specific clients or general use software. These include educational software, video games, and programs for financial planning or desktop publishing.
The internet’s growth has opened up new opportunities for web development. These web apps are being constantly developed and used by more people. Anyone can access them with a browser.
You can think of several email services, such as Hotmail, search services like Google, photo-sharing services such as Flickr, Instagram, and various social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, etc. To write the source code for a program or application, programming editors are also known as source-code editors. These editors include features that are ideal for programmers such as color-syntax highlight, auto-complete and auto-indentation, syntax checking, bracket matching, and others. These features are helpful for programmers during coding, testing, and debugging.
Computer Programmer Job Description
Below are the computer programmer job description examples you can use to develop your resume or write a computer programmer job description for your employee. Employers can also use it to sieve out job seekers when choosing candidates for interviews.
The duties and responsibilities of a computer programmer include the following:
- Coding and debugging
- Designing and testing computer structures
- Troubleshooting system errors.
- Providing instructions for writing computer programs.
- Managing database systems.
- Maintaining operating systems.
- Editing source-code.
- Profiling and analyzing algorithms.
- Implementing build systems
- Providing tech support
- Writing programs in many computer languages such as C++ or Java.
- Expanding and updating existing programs
- Checking programs for errors, and then fixing any faulty lines of code
The following are other important tasks:
- Translating program designs into code
Software engineers and programmers work together to create applications plans. Programmers are closely associated with developers. These designs are then converted into code that computers can use to execute the program.
- Mastering computer languages
Computer programmers spend most of their time writing code so they must be proficient in at least one language. Many programmers use C++, and JavaScript frequently. Some also use modern languages such as Python, Ruby, and Swift.
- Borrowing code libraries
Computer programmers often create thousands or hundreds of lines of code simultaneously. They seek out more efficient methods to create programs. Computer programmers often refer to code libraries as they contain the same lines of code so that each line can be written once again.
- Troubleshooting and testing programs
Computer programmers are not only skilled at writing code but also have to test the programs they create to make sure that they function correctly. They use troubleshooting techniques to resolve problems and find solutions if they discover them.
- Using integrated development environments (IDEs)
Computer programmers use IDEs to write and test code in a consistent manner that increases productivity and focus. Most IDE options offer code editors, libraries, and debuggers that can be used to fix and identify errors as well as object modeling and object modeling features.
- Programming updates
Programmers also install and create updates for existing programs. A software update could include bug fixes or enhancements to the user experience. These projects can take from a few days up to several months depending on how complex they are.
- Correcting code errors and identifying them
Computer programmers may be called upon to help with problems in websites or programs. Programmers can quickly identify and fix problems that are often caused by errors in code.
Qualifications
Education
A bachelor’s degree is usually required for computer programmers to work in this field. A majority of computer science majors choose to study computer science. This helps them learn foundational topics such as advanced math, statistics, and programming methods. Classes include classes in data mining, machine learning, databases, and operating systems. Certain bachelor’s degree programs offer students the opportunity to concentrate on data analysis, information security, or project management. This may allow them to be more competitive for specialized jobs.
Computer programmers often take continuing education classes or additional courses to improve their skills or learn new languages. Online courses and exams are offered by organizations like the C++ Institute (Oracle University), the Python Institute (or Ruby Association).
Training
Boot camps are intensive programs that teach programming languages and how to do quality assurance testing. They also cover security and networking. Boot camps can last from six weeks up to six months. After completing a training program, candidates can often qualify for entry-level jobs.
Employers often require computer programmers who are newly hired to attend company-specific training sessions. These programs are designed to help new employees understand the company’s technology, workflows, and procedures. These training programs are available online because many computer programmers work remotely.
Certification
Employers may require computer programmers with certifications to prove their proficiency in different languages. The following are some of the most popular certification organizations:
- Apple
The Swift Certification is available to programmers who code for Apple products. This certification requires passing an exam.
- C++ Institute
C++ professionals can pursue the entry-level C++ Certified Associate Programmer certification or the advanced C++ certified professional programmer certification. The first covers C++ syntax and computer programming concepts, while the second includes templates and problem-solving.
- Oracle University
Oracle’s Java certification is available to most programmers. This certification helps them master the popular language. To receive this credential, candidates must pass an exam.
- Ruby Association
Ruby programmers can pursue the Ruby Association’s Certified Ruby Programmer Silver and Certified Ruby Programmer Gold certifications. Both exams require that candidates pass 50 questions.
Essential Skills
- Analytical skills
Computer programmers must be able to think analytically to translate complicated instructions from engineers and developers. They need to be able to understand how to interpret program designs and turn them into code that computers will process.
- Attention to detail
A minor error can cause thousands of lines to be lost. Computer programmers need to pay attention to every aspect of their code as they program.
- Computer languages
While the language that computer programmers use depends on their employer and specialization, most will need to be proficient in at least one. Computer programmers can study languages such as C++, JavaScript, and Ruby in post-secondary courses or certification programs.
- Concentration
Concentration is key when writing code, especially when you are working to a tight deadline. Computer programmers need to be able to focus and eliminate distractions to avoid errors and maximize their productivity.
- Problem-solving skills
Computer programmers must have advanced problem-solving skills, regardless of whether they are writing code or fixing segments. They must be able to recognize problems and find solutions.
How to Become a Computer Programmer
- Learn to program
You will need to be passionate about programming and have knowledge of key concepts. These concepts can be learned at school, but you have many options. You can also learn them online through books and other resources. Many lessons can be found for free. To have a solid foundation for your education, it is a good idea to learn concepts by yourself.
- Get a degree
It is not necessary to have a college degree in order to become a computer programmer. Many of the most skilled programmers have learned their skills through mentorship or self-study. A Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, Mathematics, or Information Systems will teach you key concepts and theories that might be too complicated or time-consuming for you to learn by yourself.
- Select an area of expertise
You will eventually have to choose a specialization area. There are so many programming languages and specializations, it is important to narrow down your focus to be able to attain the proficiency needed for most positions.
The most important decision that you’ll have to make is whether or not to become an application programmer. Although there is overlap, many programmers find it advantageous to be proficient in both. Each branch has its own set of skills and knowledge requirements. You will need to choose which one to excel in. There are many rewarding areas of specialization. It is up to you to choose one.
- Get practical experience
You can gain more knowledge from direct programming than you do through classroom or self-directed learning. Employers will choose practical experience over academic achievement. They will often hire a nongraduate with extensive work experience rather than a computer science graduate without much.
Start small projects to gain experience. You will gain experience and knowledge, and you will be able to take on larger and more complicated projects. This will gradually increase your qualifications.
Volunteering for programming projects is also possible. Nonprofit organizations and charities are always looking for volunteers.
- Keep Growing
Programming is a constantly evolving field. Computer languages are constantly being updated and new languages are developed. Existing languages are also modified and improved. To remain competitive, computer programmers need to continue learning and improving their skills. It is beneficial to continue education, regardless of whether you are learning new languages or exploring new possibilities with existing systems.
Where to Work
Computer programmers often work alone, even though they are often in teams with other developers or programmers. Many telecommute, while others work in open offices. They can work remotely or at home, relying on workflow programs and chat apps to communicate with their team.
Computer Programmer Salary Scale
The average salary a computer programmer earns in the U.S. is $48,306 annually.
